1 Samuel 22:18

Authorized King James Version

And the king said to Doeg, Turn thou, and fall upon the priests. And Doeg the Edomite turned, and he fell upon the priests, and slew on that day fourscore and five persons that did wear a linen ephod.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֤אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙
And the king
a king
#3
דּוֹיֵ֣ג
And Doeg
doeg, an edomite
#4
וַיִּסֹּ֞ב
Turn
to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively
#5
אַתָּ֔ה
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
#6
וַיִּפְגַּע
and he fell
to impinge, by accident or violence, or (figuratively) by importunity
#7
בַּכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים
upon the priests
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
#8
וַיִּסֹּ֞ב
Turn
to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively
#9
דּוֹיֵ֣ג
And Doeg
doeg, an edomite
#10
הָֽאֲדֹמִ֗י
the Edomite
an edomite, or descendants from (or inhabitants of) edom
#11
וַיִּפְגַּע
and he fell
to impinge, by accident or violence, or (figuratively) by importunity
#12
הוּא֙
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#13
בַּכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים
upon the priests
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
#14
וַיָּ֣מֶת׀
and slew
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
#15
בַּיּ֣וֹם
on that day
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#16
הַה֗וּא
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#17
שְׁמֹנִ֤ים
fourscore
eighty, also eightieth
#18
וַֽחֲמִשָּׁה֙
and five
five
#19
אִ֔ישׁ
persons
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#20
נֹשֵׂ֖א
that did wear
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#21
אֵפ֥וֹד
ephod
a girdle; specifically the ephod or highpriest's shoulder-piece; also generally, an image
#22
בָּֽד׃
a linen
flaxen thread or yarn; hence, a linen garment

Analysis

Within the broader context of 1 Samuel, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of 1 Samuel.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Study Resources